Cancer Next StepDecision Navigation

Educational information only — not a diagnosis or treatment recommendation.

Content last checked: Jul 15, 2026·Sources & review

Active Surveillance

What is this treatment?

A structured monitoring approach used when immediate treatment may not be necessary, most commonly discussed in prostate cancer.

When doctors consider it

Considered for selected low-risk cancers where deferring treatment can avoid side effects without clearly worsening outcomes.

Potential advantages

  • Avoids or delays treatment-related side effects
  • Preserves options if disease changes
  • Uses scheduled PSA, imaging, and biopsies as indicated

Limitations

  • Requires reliable follow-up
  • Anxiety during monitoring is common
  • Not appropriate for higher-risk disease

Questions to discuss with doctors

  • What risk features make surveillance reasonable for me?
  • What triggers would move us from surveillance to treatment?
  • How often will testing occur, and who reviews results?

Countries offering this option

  • United States
  • United Kingdom
  • Australia

Cost considerations

Lower upfront treatment cost, but ongoing testing and visits accumulate over years.